On Fri, Sep 29, 2023 at 05:04:45PM +0200, Stefano Brivio wrote:

It looks like we need it as workaround for this situation, readily reproducible at least with a 6.5 Linux kernel, with default rmem_max and wmem_max values:

- an iperf3 client on the host sends about 160 KiB, typically segmented into five frames by passt. We read this data using MSG_PEEK

- the iperf3 server on the guest starts receiving

- meanwhile, the host kernel advertised a zero-sized window to the receiver, as expected

- eventually, the guest acknowledges all the data sent so far, and we drop it from the buffer, courtesy of tcp_sock_consume(), using recv() with MSG_TRUNC

- the client, however, doesn't get an updated window value, and even keepalive packets are answered with zero-window segments, until the connection is closed

It looks like dropping data from a socket using MSG_TRUNC doesn't cause a recalculation of the window, which would be expected as a result of any receiving operation that invalidates data on a buffer (that is, not with MSG_PEEK).

Strangely enough, setting TCP_WINDOW_CLAMP via setsockopt(), even to the previous value we clamped to, forces a recalculation of the window which is advertised to the guest.

I couldn't quite confirm this issue by following all the possible code paths in the kernel, yet. If confirmed, this should be fixed in the kernel, but meanwhile this workaround looks robust to me (and it will be needed for backward compatibility anyway).

Reported-by: Matej Hrica Link: https://bugs.passt.top/show_bug.cgi?id=74 Analysed-by: David Gibson Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio

Reviewed-by: David Gibson

--- tcp.c | 29 ++++++++++++++++++++++++----- 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tcp.c b/tcp.c index dff5e79..32917c8 100644 --- a/tcp.c +++ b/tcp.c @@ -1780,7 +1780,23 @@ static void tcp_clamp_window(const struct ctx *c, struct tcp_tap_conn *conn, wnd <<= conn->ws_from_tap; wnd = MIN(MAX_WINDOW, wnd);

- if (conn->flags & WND_CLAMPED) { + /* TODO: With (at least) Linux kernel versions 6.1 to 6.5, if we end up + * with a zero-sized window on a TCP socket, dropping data (once + * acknowledged by the guest) with recv() and MSG_TRUNC doesn't appear + * to be enough to make the kernel advertise a non-zero window to the + * receiver. Forcing a TCP_WINDOW_CLAMP setting, even with the existing + * value, fixes this. + * + * The STALLED flag on a connection is a sufficient indication that we + * might have a zero-sized window on the socket, because it's set if we + * exhausted the tap-side window, or if everything we receive from a + * socket is already in flight to the guest. + * + * So, if STALLED is set, and we received a window value from the tap, + * force a TCP_WINDOW_CLAMP setsockopt(). This should be investigated + * further and fixed in the kernel instead, if confirmed. + */ + if (!(conn->flags & STALLED) && conn->flags & WND_CLAMPED) { if (prev_scaled == wnd) return;

@@ -2409,12 +2425,12 @@ static int tcp_data_from_tap(struct ctx *c, struct tcp_tap_conn *conn, i = keep - 1; }

- tcp_clamp_window(c, conn, max_ack_seq_wnd); - /* On socket flush failure, pretend there was no ACK, try again later */ if (ack && !tcp_sock_consume(conn, max_ack_seq)) tcp_update_seqack_from_tap(c, conn, max_ack_seq);

+ tcp_clamp_window(c, conn, max_ack_seq_wnd); + if (retr) { trace("TCP: fast re-transmit, ACK: %u, previous sequence: %u", max_ack_seq, conn->seq_to_tap); @@ -2572,8 +2588,6 @@ int tcp_tap_handler(struct ctx *c, int af, const void *saddr, const void *daddr, if (th->ack && !(conn->events & ESTABLISHED)) tcp_update_seqack_from_tap(c, conn, ntohl(th->ack_seq));

- conn_flag(c, conn, ~STALLED); - /* Establishing connection from socket */ if (conn->events & SOCK_ACCEPTED) { if (th->syn && th->ack && !th->fin) { @@ -2628,6 +2642,11 @@ int tcp_tap_handler(struct ctx *c, int af, const void *saddr, const void *daddr, if (count == -1) goto reset;

+ /* Note: STALLED matters for tcp_clamp_window(): unset it only after + * processing data (and window) from the tap side + */ + conn_flag(c, conn, ~STALLED); + if (conn->seq_ack_to_tap != conn->seq_from_tap) ack_due = 1;

-- David Gibson | I'll have my music baroque, and my code david AT gibson.dropbear.id.au | minimalist, thank you. NOT _the_ _other_ | _way_ _around_! http://www.ozlabs.org/~dgibson

On Fri, Sep 29, 2023 at 05:04:46PM +0200, Stefano Brivio wrote:

...so that we'll retry sending them, instead of more-or-less silently dropping them. This happens quite frequently if our sending buffer on the UNIX domain socket is heavily constrained (for instance, by the 208 KiB default memory limit).

It might be argued that dropping frames is part of the expected TCP flow: we don't dequeue those from the socket anyway, so we'll eventually retransmit them.

But we don't need the receiver to tell us (by the way of duplicate or missing ACKs) that we couldn't send them: we already know as sendmsg() reports that. This seems to considerably increase throughput stability and throughput itself for TCP connections with default wmem_max values.

Unfortunately, the 16 bits left as padding in the frame descriptors we use internally aren't enough to uniquely identify for which connection we should update sequence numbers: create a parallel array of pointers to sequence numbers and L4 lengths, of TCP_FRAMES_MEM size, and go through it after calling sendmsg().

Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio

Reviewed-by: David Gibson

--- tap.c | 10 +++++++--- tap.h | 2 +- tcp.c | 40 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------ 3 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tap.c b/tap.c index 93db989..b30ff81 100644 --- a/tap.c +++ b/tap.c @@ -413,13 +413,15 @@ static size_t tap_send_frames_passt(const struct ctx *c, * @c: Execution context * @iov: Array of buffers, each containing one frame (with L2 headers) * @n: Number of buffers/frames in @iov + * + * Return: number of frames actually sent */ -void tap_send_frames(struct ctx *c, const struct iovec *iov, size_t n) +size_t tap_send_frames(struct ctx *c, const struct iovec *iov, size_t n) { size_t m;

if (!n) - return; + return 0;

if (c->mode == MODE_PASST) m = tap_send_frames_passt(c, iov, n); @@ -427,9 +429,11 @@ void tap_send_frames(struct ctx *c, const struct iovec *iov, size_t n) m = tap_send_frames_pasta(c, iov, n);

if (m < n) - debug("tap: dropped %lu frames of %lu due to short send", n - m, n); + debug("tap: failed to send %lu frames of %lu", n - m, n);

pcap_multiple(iov, m, c->mode == MODE_PASST ? sizeof(uint32_t) : 0); + + return m; }

/** diff --git a/tap.h b/tap.h index 021fb7c..952fafc 100644 --- a/tap.h +++ b/tap.h @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ void tap_icmp6_send(const struct ctx *c, const struct in6_addr *src, const struct in6_addr *dst, void *in, size_t len); int tap_send(const struct ctx *c, const void *data, size_t len); -void tap_send_frames(struct ctx *c, const struct iovec *iov, size_t n); +size_t tap_send_frames(struct ctx *c, const struct iovec *iov, size_t n); void tap_update_mac(struct tap_hdr *taph, const unsigned char *eth_d, const unsigned char *eth_s); void tap_listen_handler(struct ctx *c, uint32_t events); diff --git a/tcp.c b/tcp.c index 32917c8..3313d72 100644 --- a/tcp.c +++ b/tcp.c @@ -434,6 +434,16 @@ static int tcp_sock_ns [NUM_PORTS][IP_VERSIONS]; */ static union inany_addr low_rtt_dst[LOW_RTT_TABLE_SIZE];

+/** + * tcp_buf_seq_update - Sequences to update with length of frames once sent + * @seq: Pointer to sequence number sent to tap-side, to be updated + * @len: TCP payload length + */ +struct tcp_buf_seq_update { + uint32_t *seq; + uint16_t len; +}; + /* Static buffers */

/** @@ -462,6 +472,8 @@ static struct tcp4_l2_buf_t { #endif tcp4_l2_buf[TCP_FRAMES_MEM];

+static struct tcp_buf_seq_update tcp4_l2_buf_seq_update[TCP_FRAMES_MEM]; + static unsigned int tcp4_l2_buf_used;

/** @@ -490,6 +502,8 @@ struct tcp6_l2_buf_t { #endif tcp6_l2_buf[TCP_FRAMES_MEM];

+static struct tcp_buf_seq_update tcp6_l2_buf_seq_update[TCP_FRAMES_MEM]; + static unsigned int tcp6_l2_buf_used;

/* recvmsg()/sendmsg() data for tap */ @@ -1369,10 +1383,17 @@ static void tcp_l2_flags_buf_flush(struct ctx *c) */ static void tcp_l2_data_buf_flush(struct ctx *c) { - tap_send_frames(c, tcp6_l2_iov, tcp6_l2_buf_used); + unsigned i; + size_t m; + + m = tap_send_frames(c, tcp6_l2_iov, tcp6_l2_buf_used); + for (i = 0; i < m; i++) + *tcp6_l2_buf_seq_update[i].seq += tcp6_l2_buf_seq_update[i].len; tcp6_l2_buf_used = 0;

- tap_send_frames(c, tcp4_l2_iov, tcp4_l2_buf_used); + m = tap_send_frames(c, tcp4_l2_iov, tcp4_l2_buf_used); + for (i = 0; i < m; i++) + *tcp4_l2_buf_seq_update[i].seq += tcp4_l2_buf_seq_update[i].len; tcp4_l2_buf_used = 0; }

@@ -2149,17 +2170,20 @@ static int tcp_sock_consume(struct tcp_tap_conn *conn, uint32_t ack_seq) * @plen: Payload length at L4 * @no_csum: Don't compute IPv4 checksum, use the one from previous buffer * @seq: Sequence number to be sent - * @now: Current timestamp */ static void tcp_data_to_tap(struct ctx *c, struct tcp_tap_conn *conn, ssize_t plen, int no_csum, uint32_t seq) { + uint32_t *seq_update = &conn->seq_to_tap; struct iovec *iov;

if (CONN_V4(conn)) { struct tcp4_l2_buf_t *b = &tcp4_l2_buf[tcp4_l2_buf_used]; uint16_t *check = no_csum ? &(b - 1)->iph.check : NULL;

+ tcp4_l2_buf_seq_update[tcp4_l2_buf_used].seq = seq_update; + tcp4_l2_buf_seq_update[tcp4_l2_buf_used].len = plen; + iov = tcp4_l2_iov + tcp4_l2_buf_used++; iov->iov_len = tcp_l2_buf_fill_headers(c, conn, b, plen, check, seq); @@ -2168,6 +2192,9 @@ static void tcp_data_to_tap(struct ctx *c, struct tcp_tap_conn *conn, } else if (CONN_V6(conn)) { struct tcp6_l2_buf_t *b = &tcp6_l2_buf[tcp6_l2_buf_used];

+ tcp6_l2_buf_seq_update[tcp6_l2_buf_used].seq = seq_update; + tcp6_l2_buf_seq_update[tcp6_l2_buf_used].len = plen; + iov = tcp6_l2_iov + tcp6_l2_buf_used++; iov->iov_len = tcp_l2_buf_fill_headers(c, conn, b, plen, NULL, seq); @@ -2193,7 +2220,7 @@ static int tcp_data_from_sock(struct ctx *c, struct tcp_tap_conn *conn) int s = conn->sock, i, ret = 0; struct msghdr mh_sock = { 0 }; uint16_t mss = MSS_GET(conn); - uint32_t already_sent; + uint32_t already_sent, seq; struct iovec *iov;

already_sent = conn->seq_to_tap - conn->seq_ack_from_tap; @@ -2282,14 +2309,15 @@ static int tcp_data_from_sock(struct ctx *c, struct tcp_tap_conn *conn)

/* Finally, queue to tap */ plen = mss; + seq = conn->seq_to_tap; for (i = 0; i < send_bufs; i++) { int no_csum = i && i != send_bufs - 1 && tcp4_l2_buf_used;

if (i == send_bufs - 1) plen = last_len;

- tcp_data_to_tap(c, conn, plen, no_csum, conn->seq_to_tap); - conn->seq_to_tap += plen; + tcp_data_to_tap(c, conn, plen, no_csum, seq); + seq += plen; }

conn_flag(c, conn, ACK_FROM_TAP_DUE);

-- David Gibson | I'll have my music baroque, and my code david AT gibson.dropbear.id.au | minimalist, thank you. NOT _the_ _other_ | _way_ _around_! http://www.ozlabs.org/~dgibson